DD.WellWorkover.Cloud/AsbCloudInfrastructure/Services/Cache/CacheTable.cs

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace AsbCloudInfrastructure.Services.Cache
{
    public class CacheTable<TEntity> : IEnumerable<TEntity>
        where TEntity : class
    {
        private const int semaphoreTimeout = 5_000;
        private static readonly SemaphoreSlim semaphore = new(1);
        private static readonly TimeSpan minPeriodRefresh = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
        private static readonly string nameOfTEntity = typeof(TEntity).Name;

        private readonly CacheTableDataStore data;
        private readonly Func<DbSet<TEntity>, IQueryable<TEntity>> configureDbSet;
        private readonly List<TEntity> cached;
        private readonly DbContext context;
        private readonly DbSet<TEntity> dbSet;

        internal CacheTable(DbContext context, CacheTableDataStore data, ISet<string> includes = null)
        {
            this.context = context;
            this.data = data;
            dbSet = context.Set<TEntity>();
            
            if (includes?.Any() == true)
                configureDbSet = (DbSet<TEntity> dbSet) =>
                {
                    IQueryable<TEntity> result = dbSet;
                    foreach (var include in includes)                    
                        result = result.Include(include);                                            
                    return result;
                };

            cached = (List<TEntity>)data.Entities;
            if ((cached.Count == 0) || data.IsObsolete)
                Refresh(false);
        }

        internal CacheTable(DbContext context, CacheTableDataStore data,
            Func<DbSet<TEntity>, IQueryable<TEntity>> configureDbSet = null)
        {
            this.context = context;
            this.data = data;
            this.configureDbSet = configureDbSet;

            dbSet = context.Set<TEntity>();

            cached = (List<TEntity>)data.Entities;
            if ((cached.Count == 0) || data.IsObsolete)
                Refresh(false);
        }

        public TEntity this[int index]
        {
            get => cached.ElementAt(index);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Runs action like atomic operation.
        /// wasFree is action argument indicates that semaphore was free.
        /// It may be needed to avoid multiple operations like Refresh().
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="action">(wasFree) => {...}</param>
        /// <returns>default if semaphoreTimeout. Or result of func(..)</returns>
        private static T Sync<T>(Func<bool, T> func)
        {
            var wasFree = semaphore.CurrentCount > 0;
            T result = default;
            if (func is null || !semaphore.Wait(semaphoreTimeout))
                return result;

            try
            {
                result = func.Invoke(wasFree);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Trace.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now:yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss:fff} error in CacheTable<{nameOfTEntity}>.Sync()");
                Trace.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                Trace.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
            }
            finally
            {
                semaphore.Release();
            }

            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Runs action like atomic operation.
        /// wasFree is action argument indicates that semaphore was free.
        /// It may be needed to avoid multiple operations like Refresh().
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="action">(wasFree) => {...}</param>
        /// <returns>default if semaphoreTimeout. Or result of func(..)</returns>
        private static async Task<T> SyncAsync<T>(Func<bool, CancellationToken, Task<T>> funcAsync,
            CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            var wasFree = semaphore.CurrentCount > 0;
            T result = default;

            if (funcAsync is null || !await semaphore.WaitAsync(semaphoreTimeout, token).ConfigureAwait(false))
                return result;

            try
            {
                result = await funcAsync.Invoke(wasFree, token);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Trace.WriteLine(
                    $"{DateTime.Now:yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss:fff} error in CacheTable<{nameOfTEntity}>.SyncAsync()");
                Trace.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                Trace.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
            }
            finally
            {
                semaphore.Release();
            }

            return result;
        }

        private int InternalRefresh(bool force)
        {
            if (force || data.LastResreshDate + minPeriodRefresh < DateTime.Now)
            {
                cached.Clear();
                IQueryable<TEntity> query = configureDbSet is null ? dbSet : configureDbSet(dbSet);
                var entities = query.AsNoTracking().ToList();
                //Trace.WriteLine($"CacheTable<{nameOfTEntity}> refresh");
                cached.AddRange(entities);
                data.LastResreshDate = DateTime.Now;
            }

            return cached.Count;
        }

        private async Task<int> InternalRefreshAsync(bool force, CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            if (force || data.LastResreshDate + minPeriodRefresh < DateTime.Now)
            {
                cached.Clear();
                IQueryable<TEntity> query = configureDbSet is null ? dbSet : configureDbSet(dbSet);
                var entities = await query.AsNoTracking()
                    .ToListAsync(token).ConfigureAwait(false);
                //Trace.WriteLine($"CacheTable<{nameOfTEntity}> refreshAsync");
                cached.AddRange(entities);
                data.LastResreshDate = DateTime.Now;
            }

            return cached.Count;
        }

        public int Refresh(bool force)
            => Sync((wasFree) => wasFree ? InternalRefresh(force) : 0);

        public Task<int> RefreshAsync(bool force, CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            return SyncAsync(
                async (wasFree, token) =>
                {
                    return wasFree ? await InternalRefreshAsync(force, token) : 0;
                }, token);
        }

        public bool Contains(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate)
            => FirstOrDefault(predicate) != default;

        public async Task<bool> ContainsAsync(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate, CancellationToken token = default)
            => await FirstOrDefaultAsync(predicate, token) != default;

        public TEntity GetOrCreate(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate, Func<TEntity> makeNew)
            => Sync(wasFree =>
            {
                var result = cached.FirstOrDefault(predicate);
                if (result != default)
                    return result;

                InternalRefresh(true);
                result = cached.FirstOrDefault(predicate);
                if (result != default)
                    return result;

                var entry = dbSet.Add(makeNew());
                context.SaveChanges();
                InternalRefresh(true);
                return entry.Entity;
            });

        public TEntity FirstOrDefault()
        {
            var result = cached.FirstOrDefault();
            if (result != default)
                return result;

            Refresh(false);
            return cached.FirstOrDefault();
        }

        public async Task<TEntity> FirstOrDefaultAsync(CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            var result = cached.FirstOrDefault();
            if (result != default)
                return result;

            await RefreshAsync(false, token);
            return cached.FirstOrDefault();
        }

        public TEntity FirstOrDefault(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate)
        {
            var result = cached.FirstOrDefault(predicate);
            if (result != default)
                return result;

            Refresh(false);
            return cached.FirstOrDefault(predicate);
        }

        public async Task<TEntity> FirstOrDefaultAsync(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate, CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            var result = cached.FirstOrDefault(predicate);
            if (result != default)
                return result;

            await RefreshAsync(false, token);
            return cached.FirstOrDefault(predicate);
        }

        public IEnumerable<TEntity> Where(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate = default)
        {
            var result = (predicate != default)
                ? cached.Where(predicate)
                : cached;
            if (result.Any())
                return result;

            Refresh(false);
            result = (predicate != default)
                ? cached.Where(predicate)
                : cached;
            return result;
        }

        public Task<IEnumerable<TEntity>> WhereAsync(CancellationToken token = default) =>
            WhereAsync(default, token);

        public async Task<IEnumerable<TEntity>> WhereAsync(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate = default,
            CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            var result = (predicate != default)
                ? cached.Where(predicate)
                : cached;
            if (result.Any())
                return result;

            await RefreshAsync(false, token);
            result = (predicate != default)
                ? cached.Where(predicate)
                : cached;
            return result;
        }

        public int Upsert(TEntity entity)
        {
            if (entity == default)
                return 0;
            return Sync((wasFree) =>
            {
                if (dbSet.Contains(entity))
                    dbSet.Update(entity);
                else
                    dbSet.Add(entity);
                var affected = context.SaveChanges();
                if (affected > 0)
                    InternalRefresh(true);
                return affected;
            });
        }

        public Task<int> UpsertAsync(TEntity entity, CancellationToken token = default)
            => SyncAsync(async (wasFree, token) =>
            {
                if (dbSet.Contains(entity))
                    dbSet.Update(entity);
                else
                    dbSet.Add(entity);
                var affected = await context.SaveChangesAsync(token).ConfigureAwait(false);
                if (affected > 0)
                    await InternalRefreshAsync(true, token);
                return affected;
            }, token);

        public int Upsert(IEnumerable<TEntity> entities)
        {
            if (!entities.Any())
                return 0;

            return Sync((wasFree) =>
            {
                foreach (var entity in entities)
                {
                    if (dbSet.Contains(entity)) // TODO: это очень медленно
                        dbSet.Update(entity);
                    else
                        dbSet.Add(entity);
                }

                var affected = context.SaveChanges();
                if (affected > 0)
                    InternalRefresh(true);
                return affected;
            });
        }

        public Task<int> UpsertAsync(IEnumerable<TEntity> entities, CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            if (!entities.Any())
                return Task.FromResult(0);

            return SyncAsync(async (wasFree, token) =>
            {
                var upsertedEntries = new List<TEntity>(entities.Count());
                foreach (var entity in entities)
                {
                    if (dbSet.Contains(entity))
                        dbSet.Update(entity);
                    else
                        dbSet.Add(entity);
                }

                var affected = await context.SaveChangesAsync(token).ConfigureAwait(false);
                if (affected > 0)
                    await InternalRefreshAsync(true, token);
                return affected;
            }, token);
        }

        public int Remove(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate)
            => Sync(_ =>
            {
                dbSet.RemoveRange(dbSet.Where(predicate));
                var affected = context.SaveChanges();
                if (affected > 0)
                    InternalRefresh(true);
                return affected;
            });

        public Task<int> RemoveAsync(Func<TEntity, bool> predicate, CancellationToken token = default)
            => SyncAsync(async (wasFree, token) =>
            {
                dbSet.RemoveRange(dbSet.Where(predicate));
                var affected = await context.SaveChangesAsync(token).ConfigureAwait(false);
                if (affected > 0)
                    await InternalRefreshAsync(true, token);
                return affected;
            }, token);

        public TEntity Insert(TEntity entity)
        {
            return Sync(_ =>
            {
                var entry = dbSet.Add(entity);
                var affected = context.SaveChanges();
                if (affected > 0)
                    InternalRefresh(true);
                return entry.Entity;
            });
        }

        public Task<TEntity> InsertAsync(TEntity entity, CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            return SyncAsync(async (wasFree, token) =>
            {
                var entry = dbSet.Add(entity);
                var affected = await context.SaveChangesAsync(token).ConfigureAwait(false);
                if (affected > 0)
                    await InternalRefreshAsync(true, token);
                return entry.Entity;
            }, token);
        }

        public IEnumerable<TEntity> Insert(IEnumerable<TEntity> newEntities)
        {
            if (newEntities is null)
                return null;
            var count = newEntities.Count();
            if (count == 0)
                return null;

            return Sync(_ =>
            {
                var entries = new List<Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.EntityEntry<TEntity>>(count);
                foreach (var newEntity in newEntities)
                {
                    var entry = dbSet.Add(newEntity);
                    entries.Add(entry);
                }

                var affected = context.SaveChanges();
                if (affected > 0)
                    InternalRefresh(true);
                else
                    return null;

                return entries.Select(e => e.Entity);
            });
        }

        public Task<IEnumerable<TEntity>> InsertAsync(IEnumerable<TEntity> newEntities, CancellationToken token = default)
        {
            if(newEntities is null)
                return null;
            var count = newEntities.Count();
            if (count == 0)
                return null;

            return SyncAsync(async (wasFree, token) =>
            {
                var entries = new List<Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.EntityEntry<TEntity>>(count);
                foreach (var newEntity in newEntities)
                {
                    var entry = dbSet.Add(newEntity);
                    entries.Add(entry);
                }
                var affected = await context.SaveChangesAsync(token).ConfigureAwait(false);
                if (affected > 0)
                    await InternalRefreshAsync(true, token);
                else
                    return null;

                return entries.Select(e => e.Entity);
            }, token);
        }

        public IEnumerator<TEntity> GetEnumerator() => Where().GetEnumerator();

        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
    }
}